Biology
Biology
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Modern Cell Theory
Life begins as a singular cell
All cells come from other pre-existing cells
What do all cells have in common?
A plasma membrane, cytoskeleton, cytoplasm, genetic material (DNA & RNA), and ribosomes
Plasma Membrane
A bilayer of phospholipids that is semi-permeable + has lots of proteins
Fatty acid chains of the phospholipids point inwards, making the interior of the membrane hydrophobic
Heads of the phospholipids point outwards
This allows the membrane to remain intact within an aqueous environment while still being impermeable to substances soluble in water (except nonpolar gases: oxygen, carbon dioxide)
A phospholipid bilayer also surrounds individual organelles in eukaryotes
Cytoplasm
Refers to cytosol (the gel-like liquid within a cell) and the organelles and other things floating around in it (excluding the nucleus)
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